Fractionalslot permanent magnet brushless machines with. Coil winding wire is not easy to injury, the machine uses a. Progress in electromagnetics research letters, vol. For a 3 phase, 48 slots, and 8 pole machine slots per pole per phase 2. Rather than start a new thread every time i wind an arm, i figure its better to keep it all in one place. In the above example, the span would be 8 slots 9 1. Fractionalslot permanent magnet synchronous generator for. Degree project, in electric power engineering, second level stockholm, sweden 2015 design and analysis of a fractionalslot concentratedwound pmassisted reluctance motor. The phase difference of induced emfs, in red phase and yellow, yellow phase and blue phase and blue phase and red phase winding respectively by 60 degrees, 60 degree and 240 degrees. This is achieved through a lumped parameter network and subdivision of machine into cuboidal elements. Calculation on the winding factor and armature reaction.
The winding in which the whole of the slot is occupied by one coil side or conductor of a coil is called single layer winding. Stator airgap flux waves let us assume that the winding is a balanced 3phase winding. This is the reason that ipm machines have higher reluctance torque than. If each slot of motor consist two coil sides than it is called double layer winding. The presented method comprises not only 3phase, but alsomphase. To be able to reveal the influence of the winding configuration on the performance of a smpmm, 10pole machines with 9, 15, and 30slots 9q, 15q, and 30q have been desig. Performance analysis of novel fractionalslot concentrated. Thermal paths inside the machine are quite complex and require threedimensional modelling. Electromagnetic performance analysis of multilayer. Slotpole combinations choice for concentrated multiphase machines dedicated to mildhybrid applications b. The 9 slot, 8pole winding configuration inherently suffers from presence of large space harmonics in the stator mmf and unbalanced magnetic forces 14. By superposing of the back emf electromotive force phasors of all coilsides in a phase winding, the winding factor of the machine is calculated. If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the faq by clicking the link above. Induction motor with openslot rotor windings westinghouse.
Influence of slotpole configuration on reluctance torque. The stator further includes a plurality of stacked laminations defining a plurality of slots therein, and a plurality of fractional pitch phase windings disposed within the plurality of slots. There are two types of single layer winding 1 concentric winding 2 mush winding single layer mush winding is used in small induction motor. Is there a chart or guideline to rewinding 124 scale slot car motors. The method allows to design windings with a small number of slots per pole and phase, and then to analyse their mmf harmonic spectra in a simple systematic way and to optimise the construction.
Then yellow winding or second winding starts at slot no 2 and ends over slot no 11. Ayodele t proceedings of the world congress on engineering and computer science 20 vol i wcecs 20, 2325 october, 20, san francisco, usa isbn. This paper proposes a sixphase surfacemounted permanentmagnet machine with a 24 slot 10pole fractional slot winding, which not only eliminates the airgap flux subharmonics, but also minimizes. The machine design employs single tooth wound coils with short end windings and high fill factor, which facilitates the machines high torque density and efficiency. Two slot winding in this type of winding the slots per pole. However, in a fractional slot machine it should not be assumed that the winding mmf is made with a fundamental. Lappeenranta university of technology isbn 9517649827, isbn 9517649835 pdf, issn 14564491 this study compares different rotor structures of permanent magnet motors with fractional slot. Jul 06, 2004 specifically, the number in the designation represents the slot number and the letter s or f indicates whether the coil segment starts or finishes at that slot number. F s c w i p m r t i b m c a d c mcmaster university. Problems such as coil abrasion in the slot, electric stress relief coating deterioration and partial discharges in the endwinding. There are kinds of winding way when design a motor,there is a wave winding diagram for example. Thermal modelling of a fractionalslot concentrated. The paper discusses the guidelines for designing concentrated winding fractional slot permanent magnet machines.
The 24 slot motor has average electromagnetic torque higher than the 48 slot motors. Half coil winding three phase single layer winding 24 slots. Design and analysis of a fractionalslot concentratedwound. Wave winding diagram example for electric motor 18,927 views. A winding method for ac machines is presented to eliminate both the sub and super space harmonics of fractional slot concentrated windings where the stator slot numbers are integer multiples of six. Slot winding definition is a winding in which the wires are run in deep grooves as in armatures of dynamos and motors. If the 1 st phase, say r or a phase begins at slot no. The fractionalslot concentratedwinding permanent magnet machine is modeled and designed in electromagnetic, and its performance is analyzed, some conclusions can be obtained, which will provide reference for further analysis and application of fractionalslot concentratedwinding pm machine. Development of 6phase, 18 slot, 8pole winding many feasible slot pole combinations exist for fractional slot per pole per phase machines 26, 27.
In modern traction drives, for applications such as rail and. The number of core slots spanned by the sides of the coil. Six phase permanent magnet machine with fractional slot. The paper focuses on the optimal selection of a fractional slot winding for pm machines. Influence of winding configuration on the performance of. For oneturn and oneampere, the obtained mmf waveforms of these machines are illustrated in fig. No 26,yuanshi road,hitech district, ningbo,zhejiang china. Slot height, mm 29 rotor inner diameter, mm 128 remanent flux density b r of the magnet, t 1.
Figure 2 shows the permeance wave of the equivalent airgap, in which some assumptions are made. The 24slot motor has lower cogging torque than the 48slot motors. The idea of this calculation method is a clear, and operation is easy and fast. The 24 slot motor has lower cogging torque than the 48 slot motors. Winding configuration it is well known that the mmf. Armature winding pattern per quadrant from the magnetic circuit details the following parameters are derived for finding the winding pattern for the quadruplex redundancy. Considerations on selecting fractionalslot windings. Double layer lap winding development of winding ac machine. In this paper, a permanent magnet synchronous machine with fractional slot and 5phase winding is studied. Smtqx10 winding inserting machine, automatic slot armature winding machine. For each coil in phase a, each corresponding coil in phase b is. Bbuild up the layout of a lap winding for a 3 phase ac machine comprising 4 pole and 24 slots. The modified winding function method simplifies the inductance analysis of fscw.
If spp is not an integral number, this type of winding is called fractional slot winding. The useful torque ripple factor tr is minimum in the 48 slot doublelayer winding motor. By way of example, winding branch a 1 of phase winding a has a first coil segment starting at slot 1. Legranger2 1arts et metiers paristech l2ep, 8 bd louis xiv, 59046 lille france 2valeoeem, 2 rue andre boulle, 94000 creteil france bassel. The properties of fscw are studied analytically based on the modified winding function method, which is developed based on turns function. It can be seen that the equivalent airgap permeance of the ipm machine changes with different rotor position. In a 4 pole generator having a 48 slot armature core, the number of. Specifically, the number in the designation represents the slot number and the letter s or f indicates whether the coil segment starts or finishes at that slot number.
It is important that high quality machines and tools are used in the manufacturing p. Fractional slot windings create more harmonics than integral slot windings. Introduction to half coil winding three phase single layer winding 24 slots. Fractional slot windings create more harmonics than integral. The paper presents a new algorithmic method of designing fractionalslot windings for ac machines of the double and single layer type. Fractional slot windings create more harmonics than. Abstractthis paper investigates the back emfs of four surfacemounted permanent magnet machines with different winding arrangements for education purpose.
The 24slot motor has average electromagnetic torque higher than the 48slot motors. However, the method to find the fractional slot windings structures from a. The choice of the proper combination of slots and poles, and the corresponding winding layout, has a major. Unbalanced magnetic pull in fractionalslot brushless pm. The authors introduce the concept of a fractional slot concentrated wound synchronous reluctance machine csynrm, illustrated alongside a conventional synchronous reluctance motor in fig.
Sixphase fractionalslotperpoleperphase permanentmagnet. Jul 16, 2015 the motor having fractional slots winding are less efficient and capable to carry the load. The paper focuses on the optimal selection of a fractionalslot winding for pm machines. The slot leakageinductance both for the stator and the rotor can be calculated on the basis of the magnetic energy stored in the slot defined by equation 3. Analytical determination of electrical machine winding layout. Dec 02, 2014 there are kinds of winding way when design a motor,there is a wave winding diagram for example slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Design of a synchronous reluctance motor with nonoverlapping. Pdf calculation on the winding factor and armature. Electrical machines with fscw can be designed with a single layer sl or double layer dl winding architecture. Wang et al fractionalslot permanent magnet brushless machines 8200209 fig. Smtqx10 winding inserting machine, automatic slot armature.
An electric machine comprises a stator core defining a plurality of slots. Reduction of eddy current loss of permanentmagnet machines. The torque ripple of the 48 slot motors is much lower than for the 24 slot machine. If each slots of motor consist one coil side then it is called single layer winding. It would also be beneficial if manufacturers could educate users on the tradeoffs of cost vs. Fractional slot permanent magnet synchronous motors for low speed applications lappeenranta 2004 150 p. The torque ripple of the 48slot motors is much lower than for the 24slot machine.
This machine is aircooled and equipped with specific arrangements to enhance heat dissipation. Simple numerical two dimensional magnetostatic analysis of. A new method to find the fractional slot windings structures. Third or blue phase winding starts at slot no 3 and ends at slot no 12. In the sl architecture, each slot occupies only one coil side see. More suitable for winding the stator coil embedded in a longer line, after a good embedded coil windings arranged in neat rows. Description of the generator the generator under study is a variable speed with outer rotor for better integration with the wind turbine. Permanent magnet synchronous machines pmsm equipped with short pitched fractional slot concentrated winding fscw, often called teeth winding, have the advantage of high efficiency, good field weakening and fault tolerance 1. Electromagnetic performance analysis of multilayer interior.
The winding factor and different slot and pole combinations are studied. Application of fractional slotconcentrated windings to. Two slot winding in this type of winding the slots per. Slot winding definition of slot winding by merriamwebster. In emetor, only fractional slot windings with a number of layers equal to two are represented. The rotor is constituted for a series of permanent magnet. The motor having fractional slots winding are less efficient and capable to carry the load. Full text of example calculation for 48 slots and 4 poles. Multiphase fractional slot windings are positioned in the slots of the stator core. Calculation on the winding factor and armature reaction mmf. Coil winding wire is not easy to injury, the machine uses a needle to thread embedded insulating paper.
The slot insulation process for electric motors is to provide a barrier between the copper wndings and the steel lamination for all stator, armature and rotor products. When a slot k is found, each coil in phase b is shifted by k slots with respect to the corresponding coil in phase a. In the dl layout, each slot contains two coil sides which are laying side by side. The harmonics in the emfs of the machines with different coil pitches are investigated by fea computations. Developed structures with fractional slot windings in the reference 1, 2, 6, 9, several researchers have studied the pmsm with fractional slot windings. Us7348705b2 multiphase fractional slot windings for. A2 are connected in series or parallel with the same polarity, and similar connections are made for b1 and b2, and c1 and. Method to minimize space harmonics of fractional slot. The winding layout can be done in single layer sl and double layer dl architecture. The useful torque ripple factor tr is minimum in the 48slot doublelayerwinding motor. Development of 6phase, 18slot, 8pole winding many feasible slot pole combinations exist for fractionalslot per pole per phase machines 26, 27.
Eb02 linear induction motors with modular winding primaries and wound rotor secondaries eastham, fred 1, cox, tom 1,2, leonard, paul 1, proverbs, jeff 2 1the university of bath, bath, united kingdom 2force engineering, shepshed, united kingdom linear induction motors commonly use double layer windings, which produce good sinusoidal travelling fields, but have relatively. Below is the example of the layout of a 2pole 9slot fractional slot winding which has a number of slots per pole per phase equal to 1. The number of slots in the armature core divided by the number of poles constituting the field. The multiphase winding include a first winding set comprised of a first plurality of conductors having a substantially rectangular crosssectional shape and a second winding set comprised of a second plurality of conductors having a substantially rectangular. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the motor includes a permanent magnet rotor having a plurality of magnetic poles thereupon and a stator. Simple numerical two dimensional magnetostatic analysis of a. Winding factor calculation of 4solt span coil according to the each coil layout of aphase winding shown in fig. Algorithmic method of design and analysis of fractional. I ordered some unfinished arm blanks from mura, the stack is spaced so they can be either can or endbell drive. In the emetor winding calculator, fractional slot windings with a number of slots per pole per phase strictly superior to 1 are indicated with orange cells.
In normal working, onephase opencircuit fault, open. Magnetostatic analysis of a fractional slot winding brushless dc motor g. This paper proposes a sixphase surfacemounted permanentmagnet machine with a 24slot10pole fractional slot winding, which not only eliminates the airgap flux subharmonics, but also minimizes. Fractionalslot winding motor delphi technologies, inc. The conventional induction machine im is a technology that has been extensively developed and hence it is highly reliable, robust and has a wellestablished manufacturing process. It follows that the winding configuration shown in fig. Developed structures with fractional slot windings in the reference 1, 2, 6, 9, several researchers have studied. This span of k 0 k slots is called the phase offset.
Unbalanced magnetic pull in fractionalslot brushless pm motors. The 9slot, 8pole winding configuration inherently suffers from presence of large space harmonics in the stator mmf and unbalanced magnetic forces 14. Performance evaluation of fractionalslot tubular permanent. Is there a chart or guideline to rewinding 124 scale slot. If no such slot can be found, the chosen pole and slot count combination does not support a balanced winding. Fractionalslot permanent magnet brushless machines with low. Analysis of torque in permanent magnet synchronous motors. Linear induction motors with modular winding primaries and. Slotpole combinations choice for concentrated multiphase. By way of example, winding branch a 1 of phase winding a has a first coil segment starting at slot 1 1 s and ending at slot 24 24 f.
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